References
Birdsey, R. & Pan, Y. (2011). Drought and dead trees. Nature Climate Change, 1, 444-445.
Charney, N. D., Babst, F. , Poulter, B. , Record, S. , Trouet, V. M., Frank, D. , Enquist, B. J. & Evans, M. E. (2016). Observed forest sensitivity to climate implies large changes in 21st century North American forest growth. Ecology Letters, 19, 1119-1128.
Chen, P. Y., Welsh, C., & Hamann, A. (2010). Geographic variation in growth response of Douglas-fir to interannual climate variability and projected climate change. Global Change Biology, 16, 3374-3385.
Chhin, S., Wang, G. G., & Tardif, J. (2004). Dendroclimatic analysis of white spruce at its southern limit of distribution in the Spruce Woods Provincial Park, Manitoba, Canada. Tree-Ring Research, 60, 31–43.
Cook, E. R., & Peters, K. (1997). Calculating unbiased tree-ring indices for the study of climatic and environmental change. The Holocene, 7(3), 361-370.
D’Orangeville, L., Duchesne, L., Houle, D., Kneeshaw, D., Cote, B., & Pederson, N. (2016). Northeastern North American as a potential refugium for boreal forests in a warming climate. Science, 352(6292), 1452-1455.
Douglass, A. E. (1919). Climate cycles and tree-growth. Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, D. C.
ESRI. (2011). ArcGIS Desktop: Release 10.5.1. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute
Fritts, H. C. (1966). Growth-rings of trees: Their correlation with climate. Science, 154(3752), 973–979.
Grey, L. K., & Hamann, A. (2015). Climate adaptation of white spruce and lodgepole pine in Alberta controlled parentage programs. CCEMC Tree Species Adaptation Risk Management Project Final Report. Retrieved from https://eralberta.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TSARM-Climate-Adapt-Sw-and-Pl-2015-Jul-16.pdf
Hamann, A., Wang, T., Spittlehouse, D. L., & Murdock, T. Q. (2013). A comprehensive, high-resolution database of historical and projected climate surfaces for western North America. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 94(9), 1307-1309.
Hember, R. A., Kurz, W. A. & Coops, N. C. (2017). Relationships between individual‐tree mortality and water‐balance variables indicate positive trends in water stress‐induced tree mortality across North America. Global Change Biology, 23, 1691-1710.
Hogg, E.H., & Bernier, P.Y. (2005). Climate change impacts on drought-prone forests in western Canada. The Forestry Chronicle, 81, 675–682.
Hogg, E.H. & R.W. Wein. (2005). Impacts of drought on forest growth and regeneration following fire in southwestern Yukon, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forestry Research, 35(9), 2141-2150.
Hogg, E. H., Brandt, J. P., & Michaelian, M. (2008). Impacts of a regional drought on the productivity, dieback, and biomass of western Canadian aspen forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 38, 1373-1384.
IPCC (2014). North America. In: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Lankao-Romero, P., Smith, J. B., Davidson, D. J., Diffenbaugh, N. S., Kinney, P.L., Kirshen, P., Kovacs, P., & Ruiz, L. V. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Peng, C., Ma, Z. Lei, X., Zhu, Q., Chen, H., Wang, W., Liu, S., Li, W., Fang, X., & Zhou, X. (2011). A drought-induced pervasive increase in tree mortality across Canada’s boreal forests. Nature Climate Change, 1, 467-471.
Piermattei, A., Crivellaro, A., Carrer, M., & Urbinati, C. (2015). The “blue ring”: anatomy and formation hypothesis of a new tree-ring anomaly in conifers. Trees, Structure and Function, 29(2), 613–620.
R Core Team (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Rossi, S., Deslauriers, A., Anfodillo, T., Morin, H., Saracino, A., Motta, R., & Borghetti, M. (2006). Conifers in cold environments synchronize maximum growth rate of tree-ring formation with day length. New Phytologist, 170(2), 301–310.
Savidge, R. A. (1996). Xylogenesis, genetic and environmental regulation - A review. IAWA Journal, 17(3), 269–310.
Sheppard, P. R. (2010). Dendroclimatology: extracting climate from trees. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Vol. 1. Retrieved from https://www.ltrr.arizona.edu/~sheppard/Raul/DendroclimatologyReview.pdf
van Mantgem, P. J., Stephenson, N. L., Byrne, J. C., Daniels, L. D., Franklin, J. F., Fule, P. Z., Harmon, M. E., Larson, A. J., Smith, J. M., Taylor, A. H., & Veblen, T. T. (2009). Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States. Science, 323(5913), 521-524.
Zang, C. (2015). Dendrobox – An interactive exploration tool for the International Tree Ring Data Bank. Dendrochronologia, 33, 31–33.
Zhao, S., Pederson, N., D’Orangeville, L., HilleRisLambers, J., Boose, E., Penone, C., …& Manzanedo, R. D. (2018). The International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) revisited: Data availability and global ecological representativity. Journal of Biogeography, (October), 1–14.
Charney, N. D., Babst, F. , Poulter, B. , Record, S. , Trouet, V. M., Frank, D. , Enquist, B. J. & Evans, M. E. (2016). Observed forest sensitivity to climate implies large changes in 21st century North American forest growth. Ecology Letters, 19, 1119-1128.
Chen, P. Y., Welsh, C., & Hamann, A. (2010). Geographic variation in growth response of Douglas-fir to interannual climate variability and projected climate change. Global Change Biology, 16, 3374-3385.
Chhin, S., Wang, G. G., & Tardif, J. (2004). Dendroclimatic analysis of white spruce at its southern limit of distribution in the Spruce Woods Provincial Park, Manitoba, Canada. Tree-Ring Research, 60, 31–43.
Cook, E. R., & Peters, K. (1997). Calculating unbiased tree-ring indices for the study of climatic and environmental change. The Holocene, 7(3), 361-370.
D’Orangeville, L., Duchesne, L., Houle, D., Kneeshaw, D., Cote, B., & Pederson, N. (2016). Northeastern North American as a potential refugium for boreal forests in a warming climate. Science, 352(6292), 1452-1455.
Douglass, A. E. (1919). Climate cycles and tree-growth. Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, D. C.
ESRI. (2011). ArcGIS Desktop: Release 10.5.1. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute
Fritts, H. C. (1966). Growth-rings of trees: Their correlation with climate. Science, 154(3752), 973–979.
Grey, L. K., & Hamann, A. (2015). Climate adaptation of white spruce and lodgepole pine in Alberta controlled parentage programs. CCEMC Tree Species Adaptation Risk Management Project Final Report. Retrieved from https://eralberta.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/TSARM-Climate-Adapt-Sw-and-Pl-2015-Jul-16.pdf
Hamann, A., Wang, T., Spittlehouse, D. L., & Murdock, T. Q. (2013). A comprehensive, high-resolution database of historical and projected climate surfaces for western North America. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 94(9), 1307-1309.
Hember, R. A., Kurz, W. A. & Coops, N. C. (2017). Relationships between individual‐tree mortality and water‐balance variables indicate positive trends in water stress‐induced tree mortality across North America. Global Change Biology, 23, 1691-1710.
Hogg, E.H., & Bernier, P.Y. (2005). Climate change impacts on drought-prone forests in western Canada. The Forestry Chronicle, 81, 675–682.
Hogg, E.H. & R.W. Wein. (2005). Impacts of drought on forest growth and regeneration following fire in southwestern Yukon, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forestry Research, 35(9), 2141-2150.
Hogg, E. H., Brandt, J. P., & Michaelian, M. (2008). Impacts of a regional drought on the productivity, dieback, and biomass of western Canadian aspen forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 38, 1373-1384.
IPCC (2014). North America. In: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Lankao-Romero, P., Smith, J. B., Davidson, D. J., Diffenbaugh, N. S., Kinney, P.L., Kirshen, P., Kovacs, P., & Ruiz, L. V. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Peng, C., Ma, Z. Lei, X., Zhu, Q., Chen, H., Wang, W., Liu, S., Li, W., Fang, X., & Zhou, X. (2011). A drought-induced pervasive increase in tree mortality across Canada’s boreal forests. Nature Climate Change, 1, 467-471.
Piermattei, A., Crivellaro, A., Carrer, M., & Urbinati, C. (2015). The “blue ring”: anatomy and formation hypothesis of a new tree-ring anomaly in conifers. Trees, Structure and Function, 29(2), 613–620.
R Core Team (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Rossi, S., Deslauriers, A., Anfodillo, T., Morin, H., Saracino, A., Motta, R., & Borghetti, M. (2006). Conifers in cold environments synchronize maximum growth rate of tree-ring formation with day length. New Phytologist, 170(2), 301–310.
Savidge, R. A. (1996). Xylogenesis, genetic and environmental regulation - A review. IAWA Journal, 17(3), 269–310.
Sheppard, P. R. (2010). Dendroclimatology: extracting climate from trees. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Vol. 1. Retrieved from https://www.ltrr.arizona.edu/~sheppard/Raul/DendroclimatologyReview.pdf
van Mantgem, P. J., Stephenson, N. L., Byrne, J. C., Daniels, L. D., Franklin, J. F., Fule, P. Z., Harmon, M. E., Larson, A. J., Smith, J. M., Taylor, A. H., & Veblen, T. T. (2009). Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States. Science, 323(5913), 521-524.
Zang, C. (2015). Dendrobox – An interactive exploration tool for the International Tree Ring Data Bank. Dendrochronologia, 33, 31–33.
Zhao, S., Pederson, N., D’Orangeville, L., HilleRisLambers, J., Boose, E., Penone, C., …& Manzanedo, R. D. (2018). The International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) revisited: Data availability and global ecological representativity. Journal of Biogeography, (October), 1–14.